INTRO – MARGINALISATION Marginalisation is the process by which certain individuals or groups are denied major participation in social, economic, political, and cultural life. These groups are frequently denied access to authority and decision-making, which contributes to structural disadvantage and inequality. *Marginalisation V/s Marginalised – Marginalisation: Marginalisation is the process. It means pushing a group of people to the edge of society, where they do not get equal rights, opportunities, or respect.So, marginalisation is the action or the situation that creates inequality. – Marginalised: It is an individual or a group. Marginalised refers to the people who are affected by marginalisation.These are the communities who are left out, ignored, or treated unfairly in society.So, marginalised are the individuals or groups who experience the effects of marginalisation. CAUSES OF MARGINALISATION 1. Historical Inequality 2. Social Discrimination 3. Lack of Education 4. Economic Problems 5. Cultural Differences 6. Political Exclusion 7. Stereotypes 8. Loss of Land and Resources MARGINALISED SECTIONS OF OUR SOCIETY THE ADIVASIS “Adivasi” means original inhabitants. Adivasis are one of the most important and diverse communities of India. They are known as the original or indigenous people of our country. India has more than 500 Adivasi groups. They comprise of around 8% of India’s population. The legal term used by the Indian government for Adivasis is Scheduled Tribes. Adivasis have a deep connection with forests, wildlife, rivers, and land. Their entire lifestyle revolves around nature, which they respect and protect. They have – Distinct languages, Colorful festivals, Traditional music and dance, Unique food habits, Strong community bonds. *Why Are Adivasis Marginalised? *Stereotyping the Adivasis – A stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It ignores the real diversity and individuality of the community. – Many people wrongly believe that Adivasis are – Backward, Uneducated, Uncivilised, always living in forests, and Unwilling to change or modernise. – Why Are These Stereotypes Wrong? *Displacement of Adivasis Displacement means forcing people to leave their home or land and move somewhere else, usually because of reasons like construction projects, natural disasters, mining, or conflicts. – Causes of Displacement of Adivasis – Effects of Displacement on Adivasis MINORITIES AND MARGINALISATION A minority is a group that is smaller in population, culture, or language compared to others. In India, religious minorities include – Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis. – Why Do Minorities Face Marginalisation? MUSLIMS AND MARGINALISATION According to 2001 census, Muslims are 13.4 per cent of India’s population and are considered to be a marginalised community in India. *Reasons that show Muslims Considered a Marginalised Community 1. Lower Literacy Levels 2. Limited Access to Good Jobs
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